Specialist
Registrar Interview ( for UK Doctors)
The SpR post usually follows a Senior House Office (SHO) job of 2-3 years.
Before you apply for SpR post you should have your
second part membership of Royal Colleges in UK and then you will be eligible to
enter specialist training for any of the specialities you have done in your SHO
jobs. The jobs are usually advertised on www.bmjclassified.com
on a weekly basis but for SpR training will be in early spring or late
winter. As a matter of fact, you should
apply to three or more regions and aim to be short listed at least for two of
the regions. If you are successful in
getting a National Training Number then you can move to the region where you
wish to continue your training. As they say, first get yourself on the first
step of the ladder then you can climb it.
Application Forms
§
The application form requires from you time and accuracy.
§
Take time to complete them very efficiently and correctly.
§
Talk to people who have done it before and get ideas from them.
§
Show it to your consultant before you send it out.
§
Take time to read them and reflect on the application form.
§
It is the only way to get to the interview.
§
People will read your application and your CV and both will tell
them a lot about you. So do not do it in a hurry or delete wrong information
with same pen.
§
If you have made a mistake delete it with felt tips. Before writing
on application form, write the information you want on paper and go over them
few times then when you are happy transfer them into the application.
§
The best way is to download the application and type all the
information and keep copy for you.
How to Write your CV
1.
How you lay out your CV is your own decision - chose the presentation
that you like.
2.
Writing your CV on your own may not be a good idea.
3.
Try to ask someone to help and look at other people CVs and how they
write them. You do not need to write about your colour, religion, and place of
birth.
4.
The following three pages will give a guide on how to write your CV
and we will put 4 CVs for different peoples, which will give you an example for
four different ways of writing CV.
5.
You should aim for your CV to be not more than 6-7 pages all
together.
6.
After you finish from writing your CV, let one of the consultants or
your colleagues look at it.
§
No spelling mistakes
§
Straight and clear grammatical English
§
No falsified information
§
Write your aims and career plan
§
Clear printing (Laser printing)
§
Do not send copies (original always what ever number they asked for)
§
Header and footer for each page
• Tailor it to the job (no “standard” CV)
C U RR I C
U L U M V I T A E
YOUR NAME
(in bold capitals)
YOUR
QUALIFICATIONS (in text capitals)
PERSONAL
DETAILS
NAME: Your
name (plain text)
AGE, GENDER: (plain text)
DATE OF BIRTH: Day Month Year (UK style
not USA style)
NATIONALITY: (plain text)
LANGUAGES: English (state
level), Others (state level)
MARITAL STATUS: May be left out if you
prefer (plain text)
HOME OFFICE
STATUS: Refugee / Asylum Seeker
/ I.D.L.R. / Ex. L.R.
ADDRESS: Your best postal
contact address (plain text)
TELEPHONE: Landline number or
mobile
GMC REGISTRATION: Eligible for limited
registration (dependent on…)
MDU REGISTRATION:
TRAINING COURSES:
E.g. APLS, ATLS, PALS …etc
ACADEMIC
QUALIFICATIONS (Table of three column for Qualification, date obtained, place
obtained)
Degree / Diploma University / College Date of receipt
FUTURE PLANS / PROFESSIONAL GOALS
A short statement along the following lines (do not
just copy this one!)…
As a refugee doctor now resident in the United
Kingdom, I wish to recommence my career in (specialty).
I plan to engage in a training programme and work
towards the higher qualification of (appropriate UK diploma or College
Fellowship).
I am keen to use my clinical skills to provide care
for patients as part of the supervised clinical experience this would involve.
PERSONAL PROFILE / KEY SKILLS (This section may take
maximum 4-5 pages only)
In bullet point
(short sentences) note the skills you have as a doctor. This is really a short summary version of
what you have done and are capable of:
Work experience
Teaching skills
Special areas of expertise
A list of all medical posts that you have worked in
giving only the following details:
Grade of employment (e.g. PRHO, SHO, Specialist
Registrar, Consultant)
Name of Hospital and its City, Country
Duration of employment (start date to completion
date)
Specialities in which you practised in this post
Degree of
supervision by more senior doctor(s) and their name(s)
A single paragraph description of each of the above
posts giving the following details:
The size of the hospital (number of beds)
Your responsibilities as a doctor in this post
The type of work you were involved in (clinical
practice, procedures performed)
The educational benefit you gained (what you learnt
from this job)
Include here any teaching you have done
(E.g.
lectures given, training responsibilities)
Include here appropriate non-medical interests
(E.g.
computers, music, reading, travel)
REFEREES
Ideally three
(and at least two) people willing to provide a reference for you. They should be able to confirm your past
medical experience and achievements.
Include their
name, address and telephone or fax numbers.
Examples for
CVs
Medicine
Paediatrics
Surgery
Haematology
Presentation
If
asked to do a presentation, topics will be provided in advance on the
interview. Spend time researching about the chosen topic. Read more about this
topic. Plan the talk about your objective, presentation and conclusion. Try to make your own presentation. If it is
7 minutes or ten minutes presentation then do 4-6 slides or overheads. Each one will have not more than 6 lines and
do it in black and white with large font. Avoid animation or multicoloured
slides. Present your talk to at least two people. Your consultant is the best
one to try as well as your colleagues. Rehearse this talk as much as you can
and time it.
Examples
of different presentation
1
2
3
• Pre-interview visit or telephone call (minimum)
• Talk to present post-holder, significant others, consultant if possible
• Re-read your CV
• Study the job description/person specification
• Consider “mock” interview
• Make appropriate eye contact
• Speak clearly
• Try to be animated and enthusiastic
• Listen carefully; check if necessary
•
Pause
briefly to structure your reply; keep to the point
•
Emphasise strengths
• Be honest but positive about weaknesses
• Don’t criticise your present post
• Be aware of commonly asked questions
• Prepare a maximum of two questions to ask (preferably education/skills related)
• Smile and thank the panel!
• Be clear how/when a decision will be available
• Obtain feedback
• If successful: celebrate!
• If not: tomorrow is another day!
References
1. Careers Information Handbook for the SHO – Royal College of Physicians Education Department March 2000
2. Bates M Personal Communication – Burnley Healthcare NHS Trust November 2000
3. Craft N, Scriven, P Making the Shortlist - Career Focus BMJ 1996 (9th November) 7066 313
4. Chambler AFW et al A Model Curriculum Vitae – Hospital Medicine 1998 59 47-49
5. Sudlow M, Toghill P, How to be Interviewed - Career Focus BMJ (21st September) 7059 313
SHO
interview
The SHO interview will be your easiest interview and
normally will not take more than 30 minutes and there will be 2-3 people on the
panel. The local consultant and one
from outside usually hold it if shared job. If attending the interview you may
need to phone one of the SHO or SpR and ask about the job and hospital. Visiting the Hospital and the department may
be not necessary but you can visit and meet the consultant who will interview
you at least one of them. On the day of
the interview, you should arrive early.
The likeliest questions will be
§
Take us through your CV
§
What is the most interested job you have done and Why
§
What did you learnt from your last job?
§
What one listen you learnt in your previous jobs
§
Any thing good you took from your last job
§
What procedures you learnt from your last job
§
Have done audit/research?
§
How SHO teaching can be improved
§
How SHO training can be improved
§
What you will do in children suspected with NAI
§
What you will do if nurse stopping you from doing procedure in
Neonate
§
What to do if you found that your SpR is drunk on night on-call with
you
§
What we should do with SHO who is not finishing his/her jobs on the
ward
§
What courses you attended
§
What operation you have done
§
Can SHO consent patients for operation and why
§
How you deal with some insulting staff in front of you
§
Can we improve waiting list on the surgical department
§
How shift system affecting you
§
Is it all right for doctors go on strike?
§
What is your career plan?
§
What is your general interest?
SpR
interview
You should know where is the interview and leave early and aim to be in the place at least 15 minutes before the interview.
The
interview will be conducted by a panel of 4-6 staff and each one will ask you
the same questions they asked of the previous candidate.
When
entering the room you should say
hello. Make sure you have looked to
every one and said hello. Sit down and make sure everyone can see you and you
can look at everyone when you talk.
Shaking hands is not necessary but if one of the panel wants to do it
you can do that and do not reject it, as people get very offended by this even
if your religion will not allow you to do that. If you have a problem then let the committee know before the
interview so you will not embarrassed and they do not feel rejected.
Questions
are the same for each candidate and try not to be a philosopher and go around
the point. Look into their eyes and do not try to talk and look downward or
away as this will give the impression that either you do not know how to answer
or you are lying. Your voice should be moderate and not humble or very loud.
This will show how confident you are - loud voices will not get you anywhere.
Do
not fidget at the time of the interview as fidgeting is a sign of nervousness
and poor judgment is usually accompanied by fidgety people. Sitting very
relaxed with legs extended and almost falling from chair is a sign of laziness
and no one wants lazy people.
Here
is an example of questions you may be asked in SpR interview:
Questions
you may be asked for the registrar job interview
1
Take us through your CV
2
Tell us about your paediatric
experience or other speciality
3
What is the difference between
paediatrics in Libya and UK
4
What is the most interesting job or
jobs you have done in UK and why
5
Why have you chosen this post
6
What has made you proud during your
career
7
What has been your major achievement
in the last twelve months
8
Research. What have you done so far?
Where are you going? How it can be applied
in the job you are seeking? How it is important for the paediatrician.
9
If you are teaching medical student,
what is the most important points you will tell them during their first day.
10
SHO not doing his/her job right, what
are you going to do about him/her
11
Where do you see yourself in ten years
time
12
What do you see as major advances in
Paediatrics over the next ten years or in your
major speciality over the next ten years
13
A senior nurse or sister on neonatal
unit stopped you from giving a medicine to a sick baby, what are you going to
do about it
14
Why should we appoint you rather than
other candidates
15
What the patients think of as a doctor
16
How would you like to be remembered
17
Why did you write these two books? Is
it your idea or someone else’s?
18
When this job finishes, what are going
to do next?
19
Calman report and its implications?
Have you got RTN? What are the advantages and disadvantages of Calman report?
20
How has Calman affected your training
and how many years you think needed to finish
your training
21
Could the training of junior Doctors
be improved by other ways?
22
Is reducing junior Doctors’ hours a
good factor to improve training?
23
What is risk management? How can it be
applicable to Paediatric services?
24
Tells us about audit and have you done
or attended one?
25
What are your weakest and strongest points?
26
Are you staying in this country or going
back?
27
What the role of a Doctor in
management?
28 What is the difference between research and audit?
29 What is the clinical governane?
30 Your SHO is searching the web for child pornography, what you will do?
31 Nurse stopping you doing a procedure, what you will do?
32 What is the NFS for children or other speciality?
33 Should we apply evidence based medicine and why?
R.
It is a new system for improving the standard of clinical
practice. It is a mean by which the organisation are accountable for
continuously improving the quality of their services and assuring high
standards of care by creating an
environment in which excellence in
clinical care will flourish. It is the local manifestation of the statuary duty
of quality that has been placed on all NHS organisations, it operates within a
national framework for health care quality in which new structures and
mechanisms provide support.
The elements of Clinical governance
include:
a-
clinical
audit
b-
education
and training
c-
research
and development
d-
risk
management
e-
clinical
effectiveness (evidence based medicine)
f-
personal
development plan
g-
openness
Q.
Have
you seen Clinical Governance in action within the paediatric services?
R.
The department of health has the intention to set clear
quality standards through National Service Framework and NICE (Asthma
inhalation, Ritalin for ADHD,). Those who work in Paediatrics should agree and
adapt these standards as well as follow
local guidelines for local services.
R.
I visited this place on several occasional and I liked the atmosphere and the culture.
It is the ideal place for me to work as it is
a large department with a good vision for the future. In addition, there
is backing from a forward thinking trust board, whose aim to provide a
consultant led service leading to improved quality of care it paramount.
Q.
You
are young, how do you see yourself in 30 years in Paediatrics or neonates?
R.
In the initial years, I see myself taking an active role in
the clinical work, actively supporting junior doctors with audit, research, and
teaching. Whilst I would envisage the clinical duties, it would be necessary to
keep contact with the ongoing changes within the health services. As my career
developed I would envisage taking an additional responsibility and interest
either teaching or research or
management.
R.
Research is very important in medicine and clinical
effectiveness is measured by evidence based medicine which research can provide
that. medical research is vital in improving effective care for present and
future patients and population as whole. I am not primarily researcher but I
would like to do collaborative research ( prepare an example in the area you
are specialised)
R.
In general the purpose of the clinical audit is either to
verify that our agreed standard is being achieved, or to examine our area of
practice which experience suggests is significant poor. The audit cycle is a
process whereby audit leads to verified quality improvement Give
an example
a-
Review
of clinical performance
b-
Refining of
clinical practice as a result
c-
Measurement of
performance against agreed standards
R.
This is meant that staff appointed to permanent position
need to continue to expand their competence by keep up to date with evidence
based practice, refresh skills e.g. APLS, NLS or other subspecialty training
courses and develop new roles within the service. By well managed CPD , this
helps to maintain enthusiasm and makes staff feel valued by the organisation of which they are bond.
R.
Regular appraisal is the mainstay of revalidation for
permanent staff and acts as an educational progress for SHO’s and SpR’s. It
should enable identification of individual strength and weakness and goals for
staff, set agree targets to be achieved over a defined period and feedback
about personal achievement.
R.
Compliance are usually made in the aftermath of an adverse incident or in failure of
communication with parents.
There
should be a good quality record so that complaint can be properly addressed
even if it happened long time ago after
the incident.
1- Detailed
discussion with the parents as soon as their concern is made clear in an
attempt to resolve the matter.
2- If
however the parents wish to pursue the complaint further, then the parents
should register their complaint with the designated officer in the trust.
3- Ideally
complaint should be dealt as soon as possible
4- The
complaint officer sends an acknowledgement as soon as possible
5- The
general manager of the department needs to investigate the complaint and draft
response letter to parents on behalf of the chief executive
R.
My aim has always been to be a consultant in general
paediatric in DGH or Teaching hospital. I have been fortunate to have a wide
and varied experience within the paediatric field. I also have experience in
subspecialty which my area of interest.
I finished my training and I got my CCST in January 2001 and I feel now
is he right time for me to become a consultant.
Q.
You
are one of the trust candidates of Calman, How do you feel about your training?
R.
Calman was set-up so that UK specialist certification
complied with European law. I think there have been advantages and
disadvantages to being a Calman
trainee.
Secure localised job for 5 years Lack of interview
Family stability in one region Inexperience in appraisal
Lack
of chances
Difficult
to transfer to other regions
Teaching
programmes no structured
No feedback process on training or teaching
DGH’s
SpRs are getting less teaching
Fewer management training
sessions
Lack of contact with the management
team
Q.
What
are going to contribute to paediatric department in this Hospital or other
speciality?
R.
I am young and enthusiastic and willing to work as part of
team which will established in this department. I am particularly interested (
your interest if they have not any one doing this or the area of special
interest they asked for) and would like to develop my skills in this area. I am also keen to help and encourage audit
and research activity. I am keen on
teaching and I would like to be part of the teaching team ( mention your
experience in teaching and whether you want to do a teaching diploma)
R.
As above and mention if you have speciality skills.
R.
I am young and enthusiastic and enjoy working as a
team. I am particularly interest in
paediatric neurology/epilepsy, a field
in which I would be keen to
develop. I am also interested in
clinical audit, or teaching, or research, or risk management or complaints (one of them). I would be keen to help
and support nursing staff and junior
doctors in these area to improve quality of care.
R.
Paediatrics will be benefit from the NHS plan both in
general and subspecialty. There is
nothing much directly affecting Paediatrics.
In general the proposal of 7500 new consultant posts by 2004 will allow
the development of a consultant led service, 1000 new medical students places
will hopefully result in more paediatricians. There is also an investment in recruiting 20.000 extra nurses which would improve care and
allow universal fulfilment of the BNPM guidelines on nursing staff. Every
hospital which in turn will help nurses return to work after maternity leave.
- Direct NHS line will help parents to
get advise and guidance. Health improvement plan (Himp) for each health
authority regarding breast feeding and healthy eating, implementation of the
teenage pregnancy strategy, effective and appropriate screening test for HBS,
HIV.
- Envisage a multiple agency approach in
the management of children with disability.
- CHAMPS.
- 100 new hospitals by 2010 and 500 new
one-stop primary care centres
- modern IT systems in every hospital and
PCTs.
- Improve the diet of young children by
making fruit freely available in schools for 4-6 year olds
R.
Team working is important to assure that parents and
children receive coherent and consistent management. This involve nurses,
doctors and organisation who are working for common cause and to make sure that
the patients and parents are satisfied with quality of care they had received.
There
are two main ways to encourage team work. First is sheared learning and second
is shared decision making. Shared
multidisciplinary learning is easily achieved. Shared decision making is
essentially about the conduct of daily ward round and so the responsibility for
making the team work lies primarily with the consultant and SpR’s
R.
Guidelines are produced in order to attempt to achieve
current evidence of best practice. Local guideline should be under review and
all consultant take part. They must be
written and reviewed. There are guideline from NICE ( you should no which are belong to Paediatrics and you
have seen them and they may ask you if you
not agree with them
what to do?
1-step
by step guidelines, easy to read and easy to follow.
2-
Local agreed standards if you not agreed with other guidelines
3-
Instructions should be clear in case
your standard is not working and where
to ask for help
4-
If there is a failure or bad practice, may be it is difficult to follow or the
doctors is not fit for practice
Q. What
is revalidation?
R. Revalidation is a system to check the competence of all doctors and is a part of wider reform of medical regulation
The
Process modules:
1.
Completion of portfolio
a.
Evidence of CPD
b.
Any complaints
c.
Details of work posts
d.
Any clinical incidents and how they were managed
2.
Yearly appraisal, discuss concerns
3.
Every 5 years submit portfolio to a local revalidation group
comprising of one doctor from same speciality, another doctor and a lay member
4.
Revalidation group make one of 2 recommendation
a.
Revalidate ( this will lie within the GMC guidelines0
b.
not revalidate (The doctor will be subjected to the GMC’s
fitness to practice procedures)
- Revalidation must be simple, flexible,
supportive and development, effective, transparent, comprehensive, thorough,
fair, non-discriminatory, consistent and verifiable.
R.
If I had concerns about a doctors performance, I will
establish if others had similar concerns including nursing staff and other
medical colleagues. If these concerns were just, I would discuss the situation
with the doctor tutor. The situation should their be brought up in the appraisal settings, discussed openly and
strategies to improve agreed plan. If
these are not met then future discussion needs to be consider referral to the
clinical tutor in the hospital. If
he/she is a consultant then discussion with medical director should be
initiated if myself or colleagues not able to do any thing or there may be
risks for patients or organisation.
R.
CHI stand for the commission for Health Improvement. It is main objective is to raise the quality
of NHS care and in England and Wales, address unacceptable variation quality,
means ensuring clinical governance
methods are in place, and also conducting and assessing investigation into
service failure as appropriate.
a.
Reviews- Clinical governance review across the NHS every 4
years. Pick-up poor practice and intervene to put right.
b.
Studies- maintaining how national guidelines, national
services framework and NICE guideline are implemented
c.
Investigation – Independent investigation into service
failures
R.
The evidence based medicine is the practice of basing every
day clinical practice are exciting robust evidence from objective and will
constructed clinical trials—talk about some ting done in your department –
audit, research paper or review which produced a evidence based practice and
shows some clinical effectiveness
R.
Paediatrics - Asthma
Cancer
service
Neonatology.CEDI
– Confidential Enquiry into still birth and Death in Infants. They produce recommendation such as for
babies > 4kg, Project 27/28 is
looking at mortality in the first 28 days of neonates born at 27-28 weeks.
BAPM: have produced recommendation on the management of
surfactant deficiency disease and prevention of ROP
R.
1 National
Service Framework –
a- set national standards for various
conditions e.g. cancer services
Coronary
Heart disease
Older
people & Diabetes
b-
programmes will be put in place to support implementation
c-
Establish performance measures against each project
2-
National confidential enquires e.g. CESDI & Maternal death
R.
Quality can be defined in many different ways but is
essentially ensured that are meets the needs of the customers, operates good
clinical practice and aims to reduce mistakes
R.
Aims
:
-
To reduce and as far as possible eliminate harm to the patients
-
Protect staff and support when adverse actions occur
-
To ensure that patient and family are properly handled when
an adverse event occur
-
Risk appraisal – Risk identification
-
Risk analysis - Adverse
incident monitoring including appropriate documentation and learning from
critical incident and near misses
-
Risk control - Record keeping and documentation
-
Rapport of response to complains
R.
The national institute for clinical Excellence was set up as
a special health authority in England and Wales on 1st April 1999.
It is part of NHS, and it is role is to provide patients, health professionals
and the public with authoritative, robust and reliable guidance on current
clinical practice.
1. Appraisal new and existing technologies
and decide which should be encouraged by NHS and which should not.
2.
Produce or prove guidelines
3.
Encourage quality improvement
4.
Advises on audit methodologies to enable those in clinical
practice to follow its guidance.
R.
Telemedicine can
broadly be defined as the application of modern telecommunication
systems for clinical purpose. Main
benefit from it is neonatologist as in diagnosis of congenital hearth disease
so that those babies with complex heat problem can be detected early and
treated early. MRI, CT and Ultrasound scans done out of hours can be faxed to
specialist who will report them and actions can be taken without delay or with
for specialist to come and report it.
This can be done for second opinion in tertiary centre. Telemedicine can be used for teaching as in
endoscopies, laparoscopies and lecturing over the glob.
R.
In next ten years,
a- Computer
technology will be advanced and will valuable of delivering support to doctors
and patients.
b- Subspecialty
will becoming more in DGH’s.
c- Centralisation
the services
d- Ambulatory
services will develop further
e- GP
specialist. E.g.- asthma, diabetes, allergy, skins ….etc
f- Nurse
specialist, nurse consultant and nurse practitioner will be working and
supporting doctors in some subspecialties.
g- Lead
NICU AND RETRIEVAL TEAM – skills maintenance, use of scares skills, economies
scale
h- Personal
development plans to play a major role in enabling consultant to change focus,
if necessary several times, in their career
i- More
generalist who can manage all aspects of child’s care at secondary level
j- Close
links between CAMHS AND PAEDIATRICIANS.
R.
PCT is stand of Primary Care Trust who is caring about
patients in community. Group of primary
care group will join under one trust called PCT. There will be 3-4 PCTs in each
heath authority.
R.
It is the leader who lead a team. Good leader is characterised by:
a-
offer confidence
b-
offer support to junior and nursing staff
c-
absorb junior and staff anxiety
d-
a team worker
e-
accountable what he/she is doing
f-
ability to deliver and achieve
g-
able to set a model for others
R.
My strengths are wide range of paediatrics and neonatology
experience. I can work and coop with
stressful environment. I believe in
team work and leadership. My area of
special interest is (--------) which is giving me strong background of managing
children or babies with complex problems.
My
weakness - My English is not my first
language but I am able to communicate effectively with my colleagues and my
patients. Some times it is commented by
my colleagues that I speak fast and that it is difficult to understand some of
sentences. My writing and dictation is
good and feedback from various people about my ability to speak and understand
English is very good. I can speak other
two languages , Arabic and German which may have some effect on my English but
these are useful in areas where there are different cultures.
R.
It is a measure of the extent to which a particular
intervention works. The intervention should be efficient and safe. Clinical
effectiveness has been promoted through the development of guidelines and
protocols for particular diseases. NSFs, NICE, and CHI are further attempts to
improve the responsiveness of the service to evidence of effectiveness. The
practitioner has to justify their clinical practice and the Clinical governance
framework is likely to make this process of justification more explicit.
Q.
If
we ask you to do two sessions in A & E, what services can you provide in
another department rather than paediatrics?
R.
I think paediatric A7E is never been separated from
paediatrics. Paediatrician is been
always have input in paediatric A & E. The services that can be provide or
brought to A & E are:
a- Twice
weekly rapid referral and follow-up clinic one done by the consultant
paediatrician and one by SpR.
b- Weekly
teaching session for paediatric SHO and career A&E SpR
c- Teaching
for nursing staff
d- Help
and support the junior staff
R.
The person must be or must have
a-
Team player
b-
Good communication skills
c-
Reliable and hard worker
d-
Progressive and open to changes
e-
Clinically “humble” and ask for help
f-
Future thinking, ambitious –not over
Others
which are desirable
a-
Approachable
b-
Wants to be her
c-
Leadership, corporate and aware of organisation aims
d-
Teacher
e-
Innovator
f-
Intelligence
g-
Skill mixing
h-
Will make department better in 2 years
Links
Very useful links to help doctors in training in UK which some of information may be essential to know when you applying training post in UK. It is useful to know about few things like Bristol inquiry, clambie report, Clinical governance, risk management, NICE, National Frame Work Health Improvement Plan and various government papers.
5. Bristol Royal Infirmary Inquiry
6. Royal Liverpool Children's NHS Trust (Alder Hey) Inquiry
8. Commission for Health Improvement
9. National Institute for Clinical Excellence
10. Medical audit
11. Medical Education Standards Board
12. Interview skills for orthopaedic surgeons
For overseas doctors attempting to secure a training post in the United Kingdom the following sites may be useful:
13. PLAB
14. National Advice Centre for Postgraduate Medical Education (NACPME)
15. Department of Health - Medical training in the UK